Common Conditions
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD), also known as peripheral artery disease (PAD), is a serious condition that affects the blood vessels outside the heart, particularly in the legs and feet. When blood flow is restricted due to narrowed or blocked arteries, it can lead to pain, numbness, and other complications.
At Sheehy Ankle & Foot Center, we specialize in identifying and treating PVD to help restore healthy circulation and prevent further complications.
PVD occurs when the arteries that supply blood to your limbs become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup, a condition known as atherosclerosis. This restricts blood flow, especially to the legs and feet, making it harder for your tissues to receive the oxygen and nutrients they need to function properly. Left untreated, PVD can lead to serious complications, including ulcers, infections, and, in severe cases, amputation.
- Leg pain or cramping during activities like walking or climbing stairs, which improves with rest.
- Numbness or weakness in the legs or feet.
- Coldness in the lower leg or foot compared to the rest of your body.
- Sores or wounds on your feet or legs that heal slowly or not at all.
- Shiny skin or hair loss on the legs.
- Weak or absent pulse in the legs or feet.
PVD is most commonly caused by atherosclerosis, where fatty deposits (plaque) build up in the artery walls, restricting blood flow. Several factors can contribute to the development of PVD:
Smoking is one of the leading risk factors for PVD, as it damages the blood vessels and accelerates plaque buildup.
High blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels, increasing the risk of PVD.
Hypertension puts extra strain on the artery walls, promoting plaque formation.
Elevated cholesterol levels can contribute to the buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries.
Excess weight can increase the strain on the cardiovascular system, contributing to artery damage.
PVD is more common in individuals over the age of 50, though younger people can also be affected.
Diagnosis at Sheehy
At Sheehy Ankle & Foot Center, diagnosing PVD begins with a thorough evaluation of your medical history and a physical examination. We use several diagnostic tests to assess blood flow and detect blockages in the arteries:
- Ankle-brachial Index (ABI): This test compares the blood pressure in your ankle to the blood pressure in your arm. A significant difference may indicate PVD.
- Doppler Ultrasound: This imaging test uses sound waves to visualize blood flow in the arteries and identify blockages or narrowing.
- Angiography: In more severe cases, angiography may be used to get a detailed image of the blood vessels, using contrast dye and X-ray technology to pinpoint blockages.
Our goal is to detect PVD early, before it leads to serious complications, and develop a treatment plan that improves your circulation and overall health.
The treatment for PVD focuses on improving blood flow, reducing symptoms, and preventing further progression of the disease. Depending on the severity of your condition, there are a range of treatment options to help manage PVD and restore circulation to your legs and feet.
- Smoking Cessation: Quitting smoking is one of the most important steps you can take to improve blood flow and slow the progression of PVD.
- Exercise Therapy: Regular physical activity, particularly walking, can help improve circulation and reduce symptoms. We may recommend a supervised exercise program to maximize the benefits.
- Healthy Diet: A heart-healthy diet that is low in saturated fats, cholesterol, and sodium can help manage blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and overall cardiovascular health.
- Blood Thinners: These medications help prevent blood clots and improve blood flow in the arteries.
- Cholesterol-lowering Drugs: Statins and other medications can reduce cholesterol levels and slow plaque buildup.
- Blood Pressure Medications: Managing hypertension is essential to prevent further damage to your arteries.
- Medications for Pain Relief: Certain medications can help alleviate the leg pain associated with PVD, making walking easier.
- Angioplasty and Stenting: In cases of severe artery narrowing or blockages, angioplasty may be recommended to open the artery and restore blood flow. A small balloon is used to widen the artery, and a stent may be placed to keep it open.
- Wound Care: If PVD has caused ulcers or sores, specialized wound care may be necessary to promote healing and prevent infection.
Taking preventive steps to protect your vascular health can reduce your risk of developing PVD and its complications:
Smoking is the leading cause of PVD, so quitting is crucial for preventing the condition and improving circulation.
If you have diabetes, keeping your blood sugar levels under control can help protect your blood vessels.
Regular physical activity improves circulation and helps maintain a healthy weight, reducing your risk of PVD.
Focus on foods that are low in saturated fats, cholesterol, and sodium to keep your blood vessels healthy.
Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider can help you stay on top of any risk factors for PVD.
At Sheehy Ankle & Foot Center, we’re dedicated to helping you manage peripheral vascular disease and regain control of your health. We will work with you to develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses your unique needs and helps you improve your circulation, reduce pain, and prevent complications. With early detection and proper management, we can help you protect your vascular health and enhance your quality of life.
Don’t wait — if you’re experiencing the signs of PVD, schedule an appointment with us today and take the first step toward healthier legs and feet.
